Machine for cutting or sawing, &amp;c.



Patented 0st. I6, V|900.

W. J. BEAD.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING 0H SAWINI?,` &c. (Appucat'ion med Jan. 2e, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

(N0 Model.)

Jal.

No. 659,898. Patented Oct. I6, |900.

W. J. READ.

MACHINE-FDR CUTTING 0R cSAWING, 81.0.

(Application med Jan. 28,'1900.) (Ho Model.) 3 Shasta-Sheet 2.

N0. 659,398. Patented DGL I6, |900.

w. .1. READ. I 'MACHINE FR CUTTING 0B SAWING, Snc.

(Application led Jan, 26, 1900.)

(N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

lig

mit

l u /A Ilmlil rrn rare WILLIAM J. READ, OF ELKINS, WEST VIRGINIA.

MACHINE FOR CUTTlNG OR SAWING, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 659,898, dated October16, 1900.

Application filed January 26, 1900. Serial No. 2,910. (No modela To @ZZ'1071/0711, it muy concern:

Be it known that IVILLIAM J. READ, a cit-izen of the United States,residing at Elkins, in the county of Randolph, State of Vest Virginia,have invented certain new and useful Improvelnents in Machines forCuttingorSawing and theIiike,of which the following is a description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters ofreference marked thereon.

My invention relates to machines for cutting or sawing, and isparticularly designed as a machine for sawing stone, although it will beunderstood that the mechanism can also be employed in machines forplaning, dressing, cutting, and sawing various materials and for likepurposes.

My objects are to provide a machine in which the outting-tool is causedto act in each direction of reciprocation, such tool being saved fromundue heating or abrasion, in which the parts are braced to withstandthe cutting action, and in which I[he cutting-tool is readily fed to itswork.

To these ends and also to improve generally upon devices of the natureindicated my invention consists in the various matters hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of thepresent machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the saws and theirsupporting-shaft and bar, said shaft and bar being shown in section.Fig. 3 is a detail front elevation of a portion of a saw,show ing theteeth. Fig. 4 is a detail elevation looking from the inside of themachine, certain of the parts being shown in section; and Fig. 5 is atop plan View, the upper beams being removed.

Referring now more particularly to these drawings, a represents thebase-beams of the frame, and from said basebeams rise suitable uprightsa', connected at their tops by the top beams a2. Along the sides of theframe and across its front are suitable intermediate upper and lowerbeams CL3 a4, respectively. The truck or carriage B for carrying thestone to be operated upon travels upon the tracks B and is given motionby means of the usual pinion c upon the customary shaft C, said shaftbeing adapted to have its rotation reversed in any wellknown or desiredmanner, whereby the truck or carriage for the stone is givenreeiproeation under the cutting-tool or saw D. The mechanism here shownfor reversing the shaft comprises pulleys e', z, e2, and e3, the pulleyse' and .es being fast upon the shaft, while the pulleys e" and areloosely mounted thereon. Two belts Z and Z pass over suit-able pulleysof the set just mentioned, said belts being properly spaced by passingthrough openings in the beltshifting bar Z2, this spacing being suchthat the belts engage a pulley and a second pulley therefrom. Thesebelts being mounted upon pulleys connected to the driving mechanism (notshown) and being given movement whereby the belts move oppositely, asindicated by the arrows thereon, it will be readily apparent that whenthe belt Z engages the loose pulley e" the belt Z engages the fastpulley z3, and thus rotates the shaft in one direction, (indicated bythe arrow on the belt Z,) while when the belts are shifted the belt Z/engages the loose pulley and the belt Z engages the fast pulley e', thusrotating the shaft in the reverse direction-t'. e. the directionindicated by the arrow on the belt Z.

The cutting-tool comprises a stiff back-piece d, firmly connected to ashaft E, hereinafter referred to as the saw-supporting shaft, to turntherewith, said shaft being suitably journaled in a manner to behereinafter described in order to permit movement about its axis. Theback-piece d extends oppositely upon each side of the shaft E, and uponthe said backpiece are supported cutting-tools, here shown as saws,thesesaws being reversely arrangedt'. e. when one saw occupies the lowerposition to effect cutting of the stone passed under it the other sawupon the opposite portion of the back is in upper position and out ofthe path of travel of the stone; but when the shaft is given a half-turnsaid secondanentioned saw is brought into lower position ready to cutthe stone in its reverse movement, while the first-1nentionedsawoccupies the upper position out of the path of travel of the stone.Thus the stone is cut during each reciprocation, and as the saws operatealternately in the manner just described there is wear upon a saw onlywhile it is actually cutting, and, furthern'lore, after each saw makesits cut it is swung out of the way and permitted to cool before it isthrown into position for its next. cut. The cut in the stone can be keptclear and the cooling of the saw assisted by a suitable stream of water.Manifestiy a gang of saws can be provided upon the shaft E, ifsodesired.

The saw-back is preferably so mounted that it can be moved laterally tobring the saws into positions for new cuts without changing the positionof the stone on its truck. To permit lthis, the shaft is provided withan elongated key-seat e3, which may extend its entire length, and acorresponding key-seat (i7 is provided in the back. A wedge-key forcedinto position in the seats in the shaft and saw-back, holds said back inposition to turn with the shaft; but by removing the key the back can bemoved laterally into position for a fresh cut, and then by driving thekey home the parts are again connected.

Preferably eacl1 sawbody cl' comprises a sheet of steel of about aquarter of an inch in thickness and three feet in height, this sheethaving at its inner portion-z'. e., the portion near the backcZ-suita-ble elongated slots d2, adapted to receive bolts, whereby thesheet is clamped to the back, while the teeth d3, d4, and d5 areinserted in the outer or cutting edge of the saw-body in any suitablemanner. These teeth are slightly wider than is the sawbody. Manifestlythey can be variously arranged; but I prefer the arrangement of threeteeth, as herein described and as shown in the drawings. The elongatedslots d2 permit the saw-body to be tilted upon the back d, andpreferably the forward end of the saw1l. e., the end first encounteredby the stone in its movement-is slightly the lower. This permits theforward tooth d3 to do the down-cutting, while the following teeth d4and d5 serve to keep the sides of the cut clear. The rear tooth d5assists the middle tooth d4 in keeping the way open on the sides of thecut not only to keep the saw from binding, but also to enable theinsertion of a fresh tooth when the forward or downcutting tooth wearstoo much. In some instances-e. g., in cutting a thick stoneit has beenfound advantageous to make the following teeth d4 and d5 slightly widerthan the forward tooth. By reversing the tilt of the saw-body-i. e., bymaking the rear end slightly lower than the forward end-the teeth can bemade to cut in layers, each tooth cutting slightly deeper than itspredecessor,

Having thus described the cutting-tool or saw and its operation, Ipass'now to a consideration of the mechanism whereby said cutting-toolis supported, braced, reversed, and fed.

Reference has heretofore been made to the saw-supporting shaft'E, towhich the back d is firmly fastened. This shaft is journaled at each endin a box e, whereby there is permitted the movement of the shaft on itsaxis necessary to reverse the saws, as above devertical displacement.

scribed, and each box is provided with a threaded opening, as c', toreceive a. threaded vertical shaft F, suitably revolubly mounted on theupper and lower intermediate side beams and extending between them.Other threaded vertical shafts F are correspondingly mounted ou theupper and lower intermediate beams across the front of the frame, andeach of these latter-mentioned shafts carries a box g, having a threadedopening for its respective shaft, said boxes also supporting ahorizontal bar G. This bar G is adapted to be engaged by the hooks dfi,which extend outwardly from the ends of the sawback d, whereby said baracts as a stop memberand the cutting-tool is supported upon the shaft Eand the bar G. The hooks d6 are oppo'sitely turned, as illustrated,whereby when the saw for cutting in the forward movement of the stoneisin position the hook engages the upper side of the bar, and thusprevents the stone in its passage from pulling the said saw downwardly,while when the saw for cutting during the reverse movement of the stoneis in operative position the hook engages'the under side of the bar andprevents the stone in its passage from forcing the saw upwardly.Furthermore, the hooks engage also the outer side of the bar, and thusthe hat' and the shaft are temporarily locked together, whereby saidshaft is braced to withstand any tendency to bend in the direction ofstrain-ez'. e., toward the direction of movement of the stone. Theweight of the saws assists to hold the parts from If desired, verticalbraces g can be secured to the intermediate front beams, the bar Gextending between sets of such braces and being thereby assisted towithstand horizontal strain.

Each vertical threaded shaft F F is provided near its upper end with asprocket- Wheel f f', respectively, and about these wheels passes achain f2, said chain also passing over suitable idler-pulleys f3 upon arear beam of the frame, whereby the chain is spread to prevent the samefrom interfering with the free rotation of the cutting-tool. Manifestlythe shafts being thus connected movement of one is transmitted to theothers and the boxes carrying the shaft E and the bar Goan be fed alongthe shafts F F in unison.

In order to feed the shaft and bar downwardly, a lever H is looselysleeved upon one of the shafts F, and said lever carries a pawl h,adapted to engage ratchets on a wheel f4, keyed or otherwise fixed tosaid vertical shaft. This lever being under the control of the operatorthe manner of rotating said vertical shaft to cause downward feed of thecutting-tool is obvious. To rapidly return the tool to raised positionafter the cut has been made, a bevel-gearf5 is also keyed or otherwisefixed to said vertical shaft, and with this said gear meshes acorresponding gear z' upon a line-shaft I, which is suitably connectedto the source of power to permit IOS) IIO

said shaft to be thrown out of operative connection during the time thesaw is cutting and thrown into connection to raise the tool after thecut has been made.

There remains now to be described the mechanism for automaticallyturning the shaft E on its axis to alternately bring the saws intooperative position, as previously described.

Upon the shaft C, which drives the stonesupporting truck and is capableof being reversed to reciprocate said truck, is fastened a pulley c',while suitably journaled upon the frame above the shaft E (although suchlocation is unnecessary) is an idler-pulley k. A suitable flexibleconnection K, as a belt or rope, passesaround said pulleys c and t andat a suitable point is also turned about a suitable friction-surface e2on the shaft E. This belt or rope being sufciently taut it is manifestthat when the shaft C commences to rotate in a direction opposite tothat in which it has been moving the belt moves, and consequentlyrotates the shaftE until suoli rotation is stopped by reason of theengagement of a hook upon the back d with the bar G. The pulley c thenslips upon the rope until the rotation of the shaft C is again reversed,when the pulley c' again operates upon the shaft E and causes reversalof the cuttingtool, this reversal of the cutting-tool being thusautomatically effected with the reversal of movement of thestone-carrying truck. As the shaft E and bar G are raised and loweredthe rope of belt K simply slips upon the pulley c. In order to affordeasy reversal of the shaft E, the saws are balanced.

There is thus produced a machine in which the stone or other substanceis cut during each reciprocation, the cutting-tool, however, having nounnecessary abrasion and being permitted to cool at rapidly-recurringintervals. The machine is simply constructed, thecutting-tool-supporting shaft strongly braced, the tool conveniently fedtoits work and rapidly carried away therefrom, and the saws quickly,easily, and automatically reversed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine of the nature indicated, a shaft adapted to be turnedabout its axis, a back secured thereto and extending oppositelytherefrom, and cutting-tools reversely mounted upon theoppositely-extending portions of the back, said tools extending uponopposite sides of the longitudinal axis of the back, whereby said toolscan, by the movement of the shaft, be alternately brought into operativeposition; substantially as described.

2. In a machine of the nature indicated, a shaft, a plurality ofcutting-tools secured thereto to turn therewith, means for limiting themovement of said shaft, a second shaft adapted to be reversed, andfriction coiiiiection between said shafts, whereby the saidtool-supporting shaft is reversed by the action of said second shaft tocause the tools to be alternately presented in operative position, thesaid friction connection permitting slipping of the parts when the limitof movement of the tool-supporting shaft has been reached; substantiallyas described.

3. In a machine of the nature indicated, a shaft, a plurality ofcutting-tools secured thereto to turn therewith, means forlimiting themovement of said shaft, a second shaft adapted to be reversed, and beltconnection between said shafts, whereby the said toolsupporting shaft isreversed by the action of said second shaft to cause the tools to bealternately presented in operative position, the said belt connectionpermitting slipping of the parts when the limit of movement ofthetool-supporting shaft has been reached; substantially as described.

4. In a machine of the nature indicated, a shaft, a plurality ofcutting-tools secured thereto to turn therewith, a second shaft adaptedto be reversed, one of said shafts being movable toward and away fromthe other, a suitably-supported pulley, and a belt carried thereby andin frictional engagement with said shafts, whereby said second shaftserves to oscillate said first-mentioned shaft from the movement of saidsecond shaft,

whereby the cutting-tools are alternately presented in operativeposition; substantially as described.

5. In a machine of the nature indicated, a shaft, a plurality ofcuttingtools secured thereto to turn therewith, a second shaft adaptedto be reversed, said first-mentioned shaft having movement toward andaway from said second shaft, a suitably-supported pulley, and a beltbetween said pulley and said second-mentioned shaft and connecting saidshaft and pulley, said belt also engaging the said tool-supportingshaft, whereby it serves to oscillate said first-mentioned shaft fromthe movement of said second shaft, whereby the cutting-tools arealternately presented in operative position; substantially as described.

6. In a machine of the nature indicated, a shaft, a plurality ofcutting-tools secured thereto to turn therewith, a second shaft adaptedto be reversed, one of said shafts being movable toward and away fromthe other, a suitably-supported pulley, and a belt carried thereby andin frictional engagement with said shafts and having a portion woundabout said first-mentioned shaft,whereby said second sha ft serves tooscillate said first-mentioned shaft from the movement of said secondshaft, whereby the cutting-tools are alternately presented in operativeposition; substantially as described.

7. In a machine of the nature indicated, a cutting-tool supported toturn on its axis, a

IIO

bar, and means for temporarily connecting said tool and bar, wherebysaid bar braces the tool-support during the action of cutting;substantially as described.

8. Ina machine of the nature indicated, a cutting-tool supported to turnon its axis, a bar, and a member upon said tool adapted to engage thebar and thus temporarily connect the said tool and bar, whereby said barbraces the toolesupport during the action of cutting; substantially asdescribed.

9. In a machine of the nature indicated, a cutting-tool supported toturn on its axis, a bar, and a hook upon said tool adapted to engage thebar to limit the movement of the tool toward its operative position andalso grasp the bar to temporarily connect the bar and tool and thuscause said bar to brace the tool during the operation of cutting;substantially as described.

l0. In a machine of the nature indicated, a tool-supporting back mountedto turn upon its axis, and balanced tools reversely mounted thereon onopposite sides of said axis, said tool-supporting back and tools beingbalanced upon said axis; substantially as described.

ll. In a machine of the nature indicated, a threaded shaft, atool-supporting memberengaging said shaft and adapted to be fed therebytoward and away from its work, a tool having axial movement upon saidtool-supporting member, a second threaded shaft, a stop member inengagement therewith and adapted to be correspondingly fed thereby, amember upon said tool adapted Ato engage the stop member to limit themovement of said tool toward its operative position, and operativeconnection between said shafts, whereby rotation of one shaft causescorresponding rotation of the other, and the tool and stop member arecorrespondingly fed; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

WILLIAM J. READ. Witnesses:

W. J. ARMSTRONG, R. H. FARRELL.

